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考研长难词(2022考研英语长难句分析步骤)

涵坤 科普2024-03-225090
Unfortunately, L.A.Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a st...

Unfortunately, L.A.Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student?s academic grade.(2012年阅读Text 1)

相信大家看到这句话,第一反应就是太难了,若要分析句子结构的话,又会感觉无从下手。首先,我们来解决这句话里出现的生词,L.A.Unified洛杉矶联合学区,inflexible僵化的、缺乏弹性的,mandate命令、指示,with the exception of 除之外,academic grade学业成绩。

其次我们来给这句话划分结构,将其划分成几个更小的部分来处理。当然断句并不能随心所欲,而是得按照英语的行文规则,在这一步我们可以找标志,其中存在的非常天然的一个标志即是标点,然后连词,最后短语,因此在划分时优先考虑标点符号、连词或者短语。并且断句还需要满足一个长度适中、结构完整的原则,因为长度适中帮助我们较轻松的理解句子,结构完整帮助我们正确的理解。因此本句结构如下:

①Unfortunately, L.A.Unified has produced an inflexible policy ②which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses,③homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student?s academic grade.

梳理如下:

结构1(主句):Unfortunately, L.A.Unified has produced an inflexible policy。其中Unfortunately过去我们的认知就是一个表示不幸地副词,但是今天我们补充一个新的知识点,它也是表示转折关系的标志词,和but、however等词同等重要,考频也很高;Unfortunately副词,作状语,修饰整个句子;L.A.Unified主语;has produced动词,作谓语;an inflexible policy是名词短语,作宾语。

结构2:which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses。看到which,首先我们要识别出来这是什么从句,因为前面有名词policy,而which在从句里面是承担主语的成分,所以这是一个定语从句,修饰限定的policy,也就是这项政策命令了;本结构还有一个从属连词that,重复同样的步骤,识别从句类型,最后发现它跟在mandates动词后面,因此是宾语从句;从句里面出现了一个with结构,这个是状语结构,修饰宾语从句的主句。

结构3(方式状语):homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student?s academic grade。其中homework是主语,may no longer count for是谓语,more than 10%是宾语,of a student?s academic grade是介词短语作后置定语,修饰限定前面的数词。

整体来看,本句主干为L.A.Unified has produced an inflexible policy,指出洛杉矶联合学区制定了一项关于家庭作业的新政策,which引导的定语从句最是这个an inflexible policy,具体说明新政策的内容,句首的unfortunately奠定了本句话的感情基调,说明作者对该项政策的不认同态度。

在完成三个结构的内部梳理之后,现在我们需要考虑的是它们之间是否需要调整翻译顺序,在本句内的这三个结构是不需要调整顺序的,因此最后我们结合整个文本进行顺译,根据原文本的顺序翻译,在这个过程之中暂时先不考虑翻译的语言是否优美,以及表述是否拗口或者别扭,以信息的充分表达为主要标准。因此,在这一原则的指导之下,我们的初版译文大概如下:

不幸的是,洛杉矶联合学区制定了一项硬性政策,责令除了部分高级课程之外,家庭作业在学生的学业成绩之中所占的比例不得超过10%。

考研英语 求翻译一个长难句!

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简介:2023年考研英语复习资料、考研英语复习规划、考研英语大纲,考研英语真题等合集

我们离得更远的是百花齐放的报纸评论发表在英国之间交替的第二十世纪,2次世界大战前夕,当时新闻印刷品价格低廉和时尚的艺术批评,被认为是一个装饰的出版物中,它出现了.

① We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviewspublished in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War 2,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. ②In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. ③Theirs was a serious business. and even those reviews who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. ④These men believed in journalism as a calling , and were proud to be published in the daily press. ⑤'So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enoughto keep their own end up in journalism,' Newman wrote, "that I am tempted to define "journalism" as "a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are".'

考点分析①否定常考(unfocused)出22题。承接上文,上文讲我们的评论数量减少,这里继续讲我们甚至离20世纪初到二战期间的报纸评论也相差很远。Even fartherremoved from 表明作者的惋惜之情。② in detail and at length“详细的”③ serious“严肃的”④calling“对做某项工作的强烈欲望或责任感” proud“骄傲” 上面的这些词都表明二战前的报纸评论的风格。⑤否定常考,出23题。“因此,几乎没有人有足够的智慧或文学天赋在新闻事业上成就自己,我更喜欢吧新闻事业定义为“被假作家耻辱地使用了的术语,对真作家来说,他们不足挂齿”。”其实本句话中Newman wrote,后面的根本不需要看懂。

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